Importance of Nitrogen in Plant Nutrition

Nitrogen is an essential component of amino acids, proteins, and chlorophyll, which are fundamental to plant structure and function. It is responsible for promoting robust vegetative growth, enhancing leafy foliage, and aiding in the production of enzymes that facilitate various biochemical processes within the plant. A deficiency of nitrogen leads to stunted growth, yellowing of leaves (chlorosis), and reduced crop yields. 

Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizers

Nitrogen is a vital element for plant growth, and nitrogen fertilizers are crucial in providing this essential nutrient to plants. Controlled release nitrogen fertilizers (CRNFs) represent an innovative approach to plant nutrition, offering a sustainable and efficient method of supplying nitrogen to plants. Unlike conventional fertilizers, which release nutrients rapidly, CRNFs gradually release nitrogen over an extended period, optimizing nutrient uptake and minimizing environmental impacts. 

Purpose of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizers

The primary purpose of controlled release nitrogen fertilizers is to provide a steady and consistent supply of nitrogen to plants throughout their growth stages. By gradually releasing nutrients, CRNFs help maintain a more balanced and sustained nutrient availability in the soil, reducing the risk of nutrient loss due to leaching or runoff. 

According to research conducted by the University of Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, controlled release fertilizers are effective in promoting plant growth while minimizing potential nutrient loss. Their gradual nutrient release matches the plant’s nitrogen demand, leading to improved nutrient use efficiency and reduced environmental pollution. 

How Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizers Work

Controlled release nitrogen fertilizers function through different mechanisms, depending on their specific type. Some common CRNF types include polymer-coated, sulfur-coated, and resin-coated fertilizers. These coatings act as barriers that control the nutrient release rate. 

Research conducted at The Ohio State University revealed that the controlled-release process begins when water penetrates the coating, dissolving the nitrogen inside. The dissolved nitrogen is then released through the pores in the coating at a controlled rate, influenced by factors such as temperature, soil moisture, and coating thickness. This gradual release aligns nutrient supply with plant demand, promoting optimal growth and minimizing wasteful nutrient losses. 

Advantages of Using Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizers

The gradual nutrient release of CRNFs reduces the risk of nutrient leaching and runoff, which can contaminate surface and subsurface water and harm ecosystems. By minimizing nutrient loss, CRNF contributes to better environmental sustainability. 

Controlled release nitrogen fertilizers require fewer applications compared to conventional fertilizers. This saves time and labor and reduces the potential for overfertilization, which can lead to negative environmental impacts. 

CRNFs provide a steady and uniform nutrient supply, resulting in more even plant growth and reduced risks of nutrient deficiencies and excesses. The controlled release helps to prevent the “boom and bust” growth patterns often associated with conventional fertilizers. 

Application Techniques 

Application techniques for CRNFs are similar to those used with traditional fertilizers. Standard methods include broadcasting, banding, side-dressing, and incorporation into the soil. 

The application rate and timing of controlled release nitrogen fertilizers should be based on the specific crop requirements, soil conditions, and environmental factors. Proper equipment calibration and following manufacturer guidelines are essential for achieving optimal results. 

Consider LESCO PolyPlus-OPTI 

LESCO PolyPlus-OPTI represents a sophisticated approach to turf management, offering a controlled release nitrogen fertilizer designed to promote turf health and performance optimization. By initiating a gradual nutrient release process upon application, it ensures sustained turf greening and vitality. This reliable nitrogen release mechanism provides long-term benefits, fostering vibrant and resilient turf for your customers. With various coating thickness options available, offering release periods of 45, 90, 120, and 180 days, it offers versatility in nutrient delivery tailored to specific needs. Plus, its controlled-release mechanism contributes to environmental sustainability by minimizing leaching and runoff, making it an eco-conscious choice for turf management practices.

How SiteOne Can Help 

Your local SiteOne branch can help answer any questions you may have. Pick up LESCO products in-branch, online, or on the SiteOne mobile app today.